Nowadays a countryís financial growth depends on how much its citizens invest and its annual expenditure and profit.

Giving credit has always been in fashion, for it brings in good money to the potential lenders.

In the same way it allows consumers to have means to participate largely into the country’s financial benefits in this enormous money play discipline in of utmost importance.

Credit bureaus maintain credit records and likewise Credit rating agencies determine the appropriate rates according to which consumers and lenders work out their dealings.

Credit rates provided by credit rating agencies function as guidelines in such cases. The issuers are companies, cities, non-profit organizations, or national governments issuing debt-like securities that can be traded on a secondary market.

It is obvious that credit rates are never the same for everyone. They are set on the basis of risk-based pricing. Risk-based pricing is a way of price differentiation based on the different expected costs of different borrowers, as set out in their credit rating.

There are more than a hundred credit rating agencies around the world. The top listed credit rating agencies that assign credit ratings for corporations include the following:

* A. M. Best (U.S.)
* Baycorp Advantage (Australia)
* Dominion Bond Rating Service (Canada)
* Fitch Ratings (U.S.)
* Moody’s (U.S.)
* Standard & Poor’s (U.S.)
* Pacific Credit Rating (Peru)
* Egan-Jones Ratings Company (U.S.)

Credit rating agencies are not spared from criticism, for their inability to downgrade countries readily enough and also supporting unscrupulous company management.